Saint Paul wrote two letters to the Christian church in Corinth, which he founded. In each letter, he addresses the problems that are plaguing the congregation, offering guidance. In First Corinthians, he describes how dissension has arisen because of loyalties to various ministers of the gospel, including himself, and he stresses that a minister is simply a servant of Jesus and that all Christians are united in Christ. Therefore, the faithful should put aside their differences and focus on this unity. Next, Paul addresses issues pertaining to sexual behavior, stressing that sexual immorality should be condemned and setting forth the principle that, when possible, for them to emulate him and remained unmarried.

However, if they cannot practice self-control, marriage is advised. A prominent issue in the early church was whether or not Gentiles who accepted Christ should be compelled to follow Jewish law. However, Paul does support this idea and does not insist that circumcision is necessary for Gentile Christians. He also declares that it is permissible to consume food that does not adhere to Mosaic Law. Another issue that is addressed is how to regard the spiritual gifts that descended upon Christ’s disciples at Pentecost. Paul indicates that while all gifts are valuable, the gift of prophecy should be prioritized, and, in chapter 13, he writes eloquently about the importance of love.

In Second Corinthians, Paul’s focus is primarily on the problem of outsiders who are influencing the congregation and disputing Paul’s authority and teachings. Therefore, this letter is largely focused on the defense that Paul offers of his ministry. In so doing, Paul writes honestly and eloquently of the joy he takes in fulfilling his calling to service Christ. He asks that the Corinthians open their hearts to him and evaluate his ministry and himself justly. He once again warns the congregation about associating with unbelievers and expresses his confidence that they have been led to repentance. Paul is so sure of this outcome that he asks them to help support the Christian church in Jerusalem and requests that they give generously.

The triumphant tone that Paul takes in chapter 7-9, which describe his sense of reconciliation with the Corinthian church abruptly changes in chapters 10-13, as once again, he is vigorously and vehemently defending himself, his calling and his ministry. This suggests that, perhaps, these chapter properly belong with the content that comes earlier in Second Corinthians.